TM 5-3895-383-24 Troubleshooting Problems Problem 1:  Engine Crankshaft Will Not Turn When Ignition Switch Is On. Probable Cause(s): Low Or No Battery Voltage Defective  Switch,  Defective   Wiring   Or   Connection   In Switch Circuit Defective Cable Or Connection (Battery To Starter) Defective Starter Solenoid Defective Starter Motor Transmission Or Power Take-off (If Equipped) Problem Prevents Crankshaft From Turning Inside Problem Prevents Crankshaft From Turning 1. Low or no battery voltage: Check  battery  voltage.    If  battery  voltage  is  less than 8 volts for a 12 volt system, or 16 volts for a 24 volt system, put a charge on the battery.  If battery will   not   hold   a   charge,   load   test   the   battery   as shown in the Electrical System of the Testing And Adjusting Section of this Service Manual. 2. Defective    switch,    defective    wiring    or    connection    in switch circuit: With ignition switch in the "START" position, check voltage at switch connection on starter solenoid.  If there  is  no  voltage,  or  if  the  voltage  is  low  at  this connection and there is good voltage at the battery, check for a defective cable or connection between the battery and the starter. 3. Defective cable or connection (battery to starter): With ignition switch in the "START" position, check voltage at connection of battery cable to starter.  If there  is  no  voltage,  or  if  the  voltage  is  low  at  this connection and there is good voltage at the battery, check for a defective cable or connection between the battery and the starter. 4. Defective starter solenoid: Remove  and  repair  or  replace  a  solenoid  which does not work when voltage is correct at both the battery and ignition switch connections. 5. Defective starter motor: If the solenoid works and the starter motor does not turn  the  crankshaft,  the  starter  motor  is  defective. Before     removing     the     starter     motor,     turn     the crankshaft by hand to be sure a mechanical failure inside the engine, transmission, or power take-off is not  preventing  the  crankshaft  from  turning.    If  the crankshaft turns freely by hand, engage the starter motor again.  If the starter motor still will not work, remove  the  starter  motor.    Repair  or  replace  the starter motor. 6. Transmission  or  power   take-off  (if  equipped)  problem prevents crankshaft from turning: If    the    crankshaft    cannot    be    turned    by    hand, disconnect the transmission and the power take-off. If the crankshaft will now turn, find the cause of the problem in the transmission or power take-off and make necessary corrections. 7. Inside problem prevents crankshaft from turning: If the crankshaft cannot be turned after disconnecting  the  transmission  and/or  the  power take-off, remove the fuel nozzles and check for fluid in the cylinders while turning the crankshaft.  If fluid in the cylinders is not the problem, the engine must be     disassembled     to     check     for     other     internal problems.      Some   of   the   possible   problems   are bearing seizure, piston seizure, and valves making contact with the pistons. Problem 2:  Engine Hard To Or Will Not Start Engine Crankshaft Turns Too Slowly. Probable Cause(s): Low Battery Voltage Defective Cable Or Connection (Battery To Starter) Oil Too Thick For Free Crankshaft Rotation Defective Starter Motor Extra Outside Loads Mechanical Problem Inside Engine 1. Low battery voltage: Check  battery  voltage.    If  battery  voltage  is  less than 8 volts for a 12 volt system, or 16 volts for a 24 volt system, put a charge on the battery.  If battery will   not   hold   a   charge,   load   test   the   battery   as shown in the Electrical System of the Testing And Adjusting Section of this Service Manual. 6-31