DETROIT DIESEL 53
Shop Notes 2.0
satisfactory when the entire surface is a solid dark grey. Bright or exceptionally dark spots indicate defects
and additional lapping is required.
After the surfaces have been refinished, remove the powder by rinsing the lapping blocks in trichloroethyl-
ene and scrubbing with a bristle brush.
When not in use, protect the lapping blocks against damage and dust by storing them in a close fitting wooden
container.
INJECTOR TIMING
If it is suspected that a fuel injector is "out of time", the
injector rack-to-gear timing may be checked without
disassembling the injector.
A hole located in the injector body, on the side opposite
the identification tag, may be used to visually determine
whether or not the injector rack and gear are correctly
timed. When the rack is all the way in (full-fuel position),
the flat side of the plunger will be visible in the hole,
indicating that the injector is "in time". If the flat side of
the plunger does not come into: full view ( Fig. 2) and
appears in the "advanced" or :"retarded" position, the
injector should be disassembled and the rack to-gear
Fig. 2 - Injector Rack-to-Gear Timing
timing corrected.
FUEL INJECTOR SPRAY TIPS
Due to a slight variation in the size of the small orifices in the end of each spray tip, the fuel output of an
injector may be varied by replacing the spray tip.
Flow gage J 21085 may be used to select a spray tip that will increase or decrease the fuel injector output for a
particular injector after it has been rebuilt and tested on the comparator.
EFFECT OF PRE-IGNITION ON FUEL INJECTOR
Pre-ignition is due to ignition of fuel or lubricating oil in the combustion chamber before the normal injection
period. The piston compresses the burning mixture to excessive temperatures and pressures and may
eventually cause burning of the injector spray tip and lead to failure of the injectors in other cylinders.
When pre-ignition occurs, all of the injector assemblies should be removed and checked for burned spray tips
or enlarged spray tip orifices.
Before replacing the injectors, check the engine for the cause of pre-ignition to avoid a recurrence of the
problem. Check for oil pull-over from the oil bath air cleaner, damaged blower housing gasket, defective
blower oil seals, high crankcase pressure, plugged air box drains, ineffective oil control rings or dilution of the
lubricating oil.
BLUING INJECTOR BODIES AND NUTS
The appearance of the injector body and nut of a rebuilt injector can be enhanced with an oxide finish obtained
through a dipping process known as "bluing". Pre-mixed compounds are available commercially for preparing
the necessary solutions. Detailed instructions are usually provided with the commercial compounds. An
effective bluing solution can be prepared in the service shop by mixing the following materials:
6 lbs. of sodium hydroxide per gallon of water
3-1/2 lbs. of sodium nitrite per gallon of water
1 ounce of phosphoric acid per gallon of water
The procedure .usually follows five (5) steps in sequence:
1. An alkaline solution bath (180 212
F.) to preclean.
2. A hot or cold water rinse.
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