DETROIT DIESEL 53
1.6.3
CYLINDER LINER
The cylinder liner (Fig. 1) is of the replaceable wet type, made of
hardened alloy cast iron, and is a slip fit in the cylinder block. The
current liner is centrifugally cast, while the former liner was sand cast.
The liner is inserted in the cylinder bore from the top of the cylinder
block. The flange of each liner rests on a counterbore in the top of the
block.
A synthetic rubber seal ring, recessed in the cylinder block bore, is
used between the liner and the block to prevent water leakage into the
air box. The upper portion of the liner is directly cooled by water
surrounding the liner. The center portion of the liner is air cooled by
the scavenging air which enters the cylinder through eighteen equally
spaced ports.
The air inlet ports in the liner are machined at an angle to create a
uniform swirling motion to the air as it enters the cylinder. This motion
persists throughout the compression stroke and facilitates scavenging
and combustion.
Fig. 2 - Removing Cylinder Liner
The wear on a liner and piston is directly related to the amount of
abrasive dust and dirt introduced into the engine combustion chamber
through the air intake. This dust, combined with lubricating oil on the
cylinder wall, forms a lapping compound and will result in rapid wear.
Therefore, to avoid pulling contaminated air into the cylinder, the air
cleaners must be serviced regularly according to the surroundings in
which the engine is operating.
Fig. 1 Cylinder Liner
Fig. 3 - Cylinder Liner Measurement Diagram
November, 1973 Sec. 1.6.3 Page 1
