DETROIT DIESEL
DESCRIPTION
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The two-cycle diesel engines covered in this manual have the same bore and stroke and many of the major working parts
such as injectors, pistons, connecting rods, cylinder liners and other parts are interchangeable
The In-line engines, including the inclined marine models, include standard accessories such as the blower, water
pump, governor and fuel pump, which, on some models, may be located on either side of the engine regardless of the
direction the crankshaft rotates. Further flexibility in meeting installation requirements is achieved with the cylinder
head which can be installed to accommodate the exhaust manifold on either side of the engine.
The V-type engine uses many In-line engine parts, including the 3-53 cylinder head. The blower is mounted on top of the
engine between the two banks of cylinders and is driven by the gear train. The governor is mounted on the rear end of
the 6V-53 blower.
The meaning of each digit in the model numbering system is shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The letter L or R indicates left or
right-hand engine rotation as viewed from the front of the engine. The letter A,B,C or D designates the blower and
exhaust manifold location on the In-line engines as viewed from the rear of the engine while the letter A or C designates
the location of the oil cooler and starter on the 6V-53 engine.
Each engine is equipped with an oil cooler, replaceable element type lubricating oil filter, fuel oil strainer, fuel oil filter, an
air cleaner or air silencer, a governor, a heat exchanger and raw water pump or a fan and radiator, and a starting motor.
Full pressure lubrication is supplied to all main bearings, connecting rod bearings, and camshaft bearings, and to other
moving parts.
Oil is drawn by -suction from the oil pan through the intake screen and pipe to the oil pump where it is pressurized and
delivered to the oil filter and the oil cooler. From the oil cooler, the oil enters oil galleries in the cylinder block and
cylinder head for distribution to the main bearings, connecting rod bearings, camshaft bearings, rocker arm mechanism
and other functional parts.
The cooling system has a centrifugal water pump which circulates the engine coolant through the oil cooler and water
jackets. The engine temperature-is regulated by a thermostat(s).
Fuel is drawn from the supply tank through the fuel strainer and enters a gear type fuel pump at the inlet side. Upon
leaving the pump under pressure, the fuel is forced through the fuel filter into the inlet manifold where it passes through
fuel pipes into the inlet side of the fuel injectors. The fuel is filtered through elements in the injectors and then atomized
through small spray tip orifices into the combustion chamber. Excess fuel is returned to the fuel tank through the fuel
outlet galleries and connecting lines.
Air for scavenging and combustion is supplied by a blower which pumps air into the engine cylinders via the air box and
cylinder liner ports. All air entering the blower first passes through an air cleaner or air silencer.
The engine may be started by either a hydraulic or an electric starting system.
The engine speed is regulated by a .mechanical or hydraulic type engine governor, depending upon the engine
application.
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